The impact of low temperatures in northern winter on organic fertilizer fermentation efficiency has necessitated low-temperature adaptation of organic fertilizer production lines. Key measures focus on maintaining fermentation temperature and raw material pretreatment.
In terms of bacterial strain selection, production lines must utilize low-temperature-tolerant composite inoculants to ensure viability at temperatures between 5-15°C (with a viable bacterial count retention rate exceeding 85%), shortening fermentation start-up time to within 24 hours.
In terms of workshop design, insulation and a photovoltaic-assisted heating system are required to maintain the fermentation room temperature above 10°C through solar heating. Some organic fertilizer production lines also utilize closed fermentation chambers, utilizing bioheat generated during the fermentation process to maintain a constant internal temperature (temperature fluctuations within ±3°C).
In raw material pretreatment, to address the difficulty of raw materials such as straw degrading at low temperatures, production lines incorporate a pre-crushing step (crushing the raw materials to 0.5-1 cm) and use hot water humidity control (controlled at 30-40°C) to raise the initial raw material temperature and ensure fermentation efficiency.
These adaptation measures have increased the capacity utilization rate of organic fertilizer production lines in northern winter from the original 50% to over 80%, and the organic matter content of finished fertilizers has stabilized at over 55%, effectively ensuring the supply of fertilizers for agricultural production in northern winter.